Jump to content

Gene Simmons

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Gene Simmons
Simmons in 2012
Born
Chaim Witz

(1949-08-25) August 25, 1949 (age 75)
Haifa, Israel
Other names
  • Gene Klein
  • The Demon
  • the God of Thunder
  • Dr. Love
  • Reginald Van Helsing
Occupations
  • Musician
  • singer
  • songwriter
  • record producer
  • actor
  • entrepreneur
  • television personality
Years active1970–present
Spouse
(m. 2011)
PartnersCher (1978–1980)
Diana Ross (1980–1983)
Children
Musical career
OriginNew York City, U.S.
Genres
Instruments
  • Bass guitar
  • vocals
Formerly of
Websitegenesimmons.com

Gene Simmons (born Chaim Witz; Hebrew: חיים ויץ [χaˈim ˈvits]; born August 25, 1949) is an American musician. Also known by his stage persona "The Demon", he was the bassist and co-lead singer of the hard rock band Kiss, which he co-founded with Paul Stanley, Ace Frehley and Peter Criss in the early 1970s until their retirement in 2023. Simmons was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2014 as a member of Kiss.

Early life and education

[edit]

Simmons was born as Chaim Witz on August 25, 1949, at Rambam Hospital in Haifa, Israel, to Jewish refugees from Hungary. His mother, Florence "Flora" Klein, later Lubowski (1925–2018)[1] was born in Jánd and survived internment in Nazi concentration camps[2] from November 1944 to her liberation from the Mauthausen camp in Austria on May 5, 1945.[3] She and her brother, Larry Klein, were the only members of the family to survive the Holocaust. Simmons' father, Ferenc "Feri" Yehiel Witz (1925–2002), was a carpenter whom Klein married in 1946 and the couple moved to Israel the following year.[3] Simmons spent his early childhood in Tirat Carmel and was raised in a practicing Jewish household. He has said that his family was "dirt poor", scraping by on rationed bread and milk.[4] At the age of seven, he began to pick wild fruit and sell it on roadsides together with a friend.[5]

At age eight, he and his mother emigrated to the United States in 1958 after his parents' divorce, settling in Queens, New York City. His father remained in Israel, where he had another son and three daughters. In the United States, Simmons changed his name to Gene Klein, adopting his mother's maiden name. When he was nine, he briefly attended a Jewish religious school, Yeshiva Torah Vodaas, before transferring to a public school. He graduated from Newtown High School. [6][7] He later attended Sullivan County Community College in New York, and Richmond College[8] in Staten Island, New York where he graduated with a BA in Education[9] in 1970.[10]

Before his musical career began, Klein worked a variety of jobs in the city. A proficient typist, he served as an assistant to an editor of Vogue, and spent 6 months as a sixth grade instructor on the Upper West Side.[11]

The Beatles had a significant influence on Simmons. "There is no way I'd be doing what I do now if it wasn't for the Beatles. I was watching The Ed Sullivan Show and I saw them. Those skinny little boys, kind of androgynous, with long hair like girls. It blew me away that these four boys [from] the middle of nowhere could make that music."[12]

He chose his stage name in tribute to the rockabilly singer Jumpin' Gene Simmons[13] (in other interviews he claimed his stage name was inspired by actress Jean Simmons and he used the title of her 1946 film Great Expectations for a song on the 1976 album "Destroyer"). He practiced playing his guitar for hours on end.[14]

Career

[edit]

Kiss

[edit]
Gene Simmons in his makeup, 2023

Simmons became involved with his first band, Lynx, then renamed the Missing Links, when he was 15 in 1964–5.[15] Eventually, he disbanded the band to form the Long Island Sounds, the name being a pun on the Long Island Sound. In this band was also future Wicked Lester guitarist Steve Coronel, and future lawyer/author Alan Stuart Graf who convinced Simmons to buy his first bass as the band needed a bass player.[16] In 1967, after losing Graf the band morphed into The Love Bag.[17] While he played in these bands, he worked at odd jobs on the side to make more money, including trading used comic books.

From 1968 to 1970 Simmons attended Sullivan County Community College in Loch Sheldrake, New York for two years. He joined a new band, Bullfrog Bheer, and the band recorded various home demos includig Leeta; this was later included on the Kiss box set. The band existed until 1970 with various line-ups.[18]

Simmons, Coronel and Brooke Ostrander who was in their 1969 band Coffee[19] formed the rock band first known as Rainbow and later Wicked Lester in the early 1970 with Stanley Eisen (now known as Paul Stanley)[20] and recorded one album, which was never released in its entirety. Dissatisfied with Wicked Lester's sound and look, Simmons and Stanley attempted to fire their band members. Met with resistance, they instead quit Wicked Lester, walking away from their record deal with Epic Records, as they decided to form the "ultimate rock band" in its place. Looking for a drummer, Simmons and Stanley found an ad placed by George Peter John Criscuola (known as Peter Criss), who was playing clubs in Brooklyn at the time; they joined and started out as a trio.

During this time, Criss and Simmons also appeared on an unreleased album by Captain Sanity together with members from Criss' previous band Chelsea. Paul Frehley (better known as Ace Frehley) responded to an ad they put in The Village Voice for a lead guitar player, and soon joined them. Kiss released their self-titled debut album in February 1974. Stanley took on the role of lead performer on stage, while Simmons became the driving force behind what became an extensive Kiss merchandising franchise. The eye section of his "Demon" makeup with Kiss came from the wing design of comic book character Black Bolt.[21]

Simmons's Demon make-up

In 1983, when Kiss's fame was waning, the members took off their trademark make-up and enjoyed a resurgence in popularity that continued into the 1990s. At this time, Peter Criss, the original drummer, was voted out of the band, and a replacement was sought to fill his vacancy. The new drummer was Paul Charles Caravello, who went by the stage name of Eric Carr, and played for Kiss from 1980 until his death in 1991. The band hosted its own fan conventions in 1995, and fan feedback about the original Kiss members reunion influenced the highly successful 1996–1997 Alive Worldwide reunion tour. In 1998, the band released Psycho Circus. Since then, the original lineup has once again dissolved, with Tommy Thayer replacing Ace Frehley on lead guitar and Eric Singer (who performed with Kiss from 1991 through 1996) replacing Peter Criss on drums.

Film and television

[edit]

Simmons has been involved with such television projects as:

In 1978, Simmons appeared in a made-for-television movie, Kiss Meets the Phantom of the Park. In 1985, Simmons appeared on the TV series Miami Vice in an episode titled "The Prodigal Son". The episode served as the season premiere of the show's second season.[23] Simmons appeared as a psychic working at the Mystic Journey Bookstore in Venice, California on the American hidden camera prank TV series I Get That a Lot.[24] He also guest-starred as himself in the 2014 CSI: Crime Scene Investigation episode Long Road Home.

Simmons performed in the 1984 Michael Crichton thriller Runaway starring Tom Selleck, Cynthia Rhodes and Kirstie Alley as well as the 1987 Gary Sherman action film Wanted: Dead or Alive starring Rutger Hauer.[25]

In March 2015, Simmons founded the film production company Erebus Pictures[26] and announced as the first project the Horror-thriller film Armed Response.[27]

In 2022, Simmons became a judge of the talent competition show Yoshiki Superstar Project X, airing on Hulu Japan and produced by Japanese musician and composer Yoshiki.[28] On September 14, 2023, Simmons was one of the guest speakers chosen to introduce Yoshiki at his imprint ceremony at the TCL Chinese Theatre.[29]

Other projects

[edit]

Simmons had his own magazine, Gene Simmons Tongue Magazine, his own label, Simmons Records, and animated series, My Dad the Rock Star. Simmons Records has released albums by such bands as Kobra and the Lotus, Silent Rage, Gypsy Rose and House of Lords as well as Gene's own solo releases.[30]

In 1976–77, Simmons signed a management and production contract with the band Van Halen. He produced a Van Halen demo tape and attempted to find a record deal for the band with a variety of major record labels. When no deal materialized, he released them from their contract.[citation needed]

In the 1980s, Simmons produced albums by bands including Keel, Wendy O. Williams, Black'N Blue and Doro.

In 1989, Simmons managed the recording side of Liza Minnelli's entry into mainstream pop.[31]

In 2002, Simmons launched Gene Simmons' Tongue, a men's lifestyle magazine.[32] The magazine lasted five issues before being discontinued.[citation needed]

From 2006 to 2008, Simmons served in a marketing and publicity role with the Indy Racing League.[33]

In 2012, Simmons headlined the Rock N Roll All Stars tour which performed in stadiums across South America. The project also featured several other Rock N Roll Hall of Famers including Def Leppard's Joe Elliot, Guns N' Roses' Duff McKagan & Matt Sorum and Deep Purple's Glenn Hughes as well as Billy Idol's Steve Stevens, Collective Soul's Ed Rolland, Sebastian Bach, Alice in Chain's Mike Inez and the Cult's Billy Duffy. On March 1, 2012, the line up and the tour was revealed at a news conference hosted by Promoter Gabe Reed at the Roxy theater in Hollywood, CA. Simmons was in attendance and the entire news conference and subsequent tour was featured on Simmons Family Jewels' series finale episodes.[34]

In 2012, Simmons partnered with Paul Stanley and three other investors to form the restaurant franchise Rock & Brews.[citation needed]

In August 2013, Simmons, Paul Stanley and manager Doc McGhee became a part of the ownership group that created the LA Kiss Arena Football League team, which played their home games at the Honda Center in Anaheim, California. The team has since folded.

In 2017, Simmons launched "The Vault" which is a compilation of all of his major works selling for $2,000.[35]

In 2018, Simmons was named "Chief Evangelist Officer" of the Canadian cannabis company Invictus MD Strategies.[36] Simmons also holds a large investment stake in the company.[37]

Artistry

[edit]
Gene Simmons fire breathing

Technique

[edit]

Simmons plays bass, and lead vocals are split between Simmons and rhythm guitarist Paul Stanley in most Kiss songs. Some notable songs featuring Simmons singing lead include "God of Thunder", "Rock and Roll All Nite", "Deuce", "A World Without Heroes", "I Love It Loud", "Calling Dr. Love", "Unholy", "You Wanted the Best" (first lead vocals), and "Christine Sixteen", among others. Simmons possesses a baritone voice.

Simmons has expressed his preference for "memorable simplicity" in music as opposed to technical complexity. "I don't consider myself—and was never really interested in being—a bass virtuoso [...] I don't like show-offs in music. I'm much more attracted to things that are memorable. It's part of the joy of music for me." He has also said that while he appreciates the technical skill of jazz musicians, he believes they do not have appeal over a wide audience, saying "You can be a jazz player and be respected by musicians, but the rest of the world doesn't care."[38][39]

Stage makeup and persona

[edit]

In addition to playing bass, Simmons is known for his long tongue, which he frequently sticks out while performing, and on stage is known for his demonic figure by spitting fire and vomiting stage blood. Some publications reported that his tongue measured up to 7 inches long and he had it insured for $1 million, although Simmons himself has not commented on this.[40]

Personal life

[edit]

Simmons resides in Los Angeles with his wife Shannon Lee Tweed, a Canadian[41] actress and former Playboy Playmate. Although they began dating in 1983, they did not marry until 28 years later. Simmons often joked that he and Tweed were "happily unmarried" for over 20 years. He also often paraphrased Groucho Marx, saying "Marriage is an institution, and I don't want to live in an institution". Simmons and Tweed wed on October 1, 2011, at the Beverly Hills Hotel.[42][43] They have two children: Nick (born January 22, 1989) and Sophie (born July 7, 1992). He formerly had live-in relationships with Cher and Diana Ross,[44] revealing that he fell in love with Ross while dating Cher.[45] Simmons has boasted many times about having bedded thousands of women. In 2010, he claimed the tally stood at 5,000 and that he has a Polaroid picture of each liaison, including the hotel key where it took place.[46] After their wedding, when Shannon found the key for the lockboxes containing the photos (confirming at least that much of the rumors), after a "loving confrontation" with Gene, she had every single Polaroid burned on national television during the final season of their reality show "Gene Simmons Family Jewels".[22]

Simmons is bilingual, and is able to speak Hungarian, German, English, Hebrew, and some Japanese.[44]

Simmons believes he is an "outcast" in the rock music community due to his open disdain for drug and alcohol use, and has proudly claimed many times to have never been drunk or high on a substance in his life.[47] He has said the reason for his sober lifestyle was for his mother, who was a Holocaust survivor. He said “I’m my mother’s only child [...] I was concerned I had no right to harm my mother. Life did that enough.”[48] However, he has admitted to once accidentally becoming intoxicated on marijuana after mistakenly eating pot brownies.[49]

Simmons is a science fiction and comic book fan and published several science-fiction fanzines, among them Id, Cosmos (which eventually merged with Stilletto to become Cosmos-Stilletto and then Faun), Tinderbox, Sci-Fi Showcase, Mantis and Adventure. He also contributed to other fanzines, among them BeABohema and Sirruish.[50] By 1977, however, he would write in a letter of comment to Janus, "I haven't been active [in fandom] for about five years".[51]

Personal views and politics

[edit]

US electoral politics

[edit]

Simmons was a supporter of the foreign policy of the George W. Bush administration.[52] He supported the 2003 invasion of Iraq, writing on his website: "I'm ashamed to be surrounded by people calling themselves liberal who are, in my opinion, spitting on the graves of brave American soldiers who gave their life to fight a war that wasn't theirs... in a country they've never been to... simply to liberate the people therein".[53] In a follow-up, Simmons explained his position and wrote about his love and support for the United States: "I wasn't born here. But I have a love for this country and its people that knows no bounds. I will forever be grateful to America for going into World War II, when it had nothing to gain, in a country that was far away... and rescued my mother from the Nazi German concentration camps. She is alive and I am alive because of America. And, if you have a problem with America, you have a problem with me".[53]

In 2010, Simmons said he regretted voting for Barack Obama and criticized the 2009 health care reforms.[54] Following Obama's 2011 speech on the Middle East in which he called on Israel and the Palestinians to negotiate a settlement "based on the 1967 lines with mutually agreed swaps",[55] Simmons told CNBC that Obama was gravely misguided. "If you have never been to the moon, you can't issue policy about the moon. For the president to be sitting in Washington D.C. and saying, 'Go back to your '67 borders in Israel' – how about you live there and try to defend an indefensible border – nine miles (14 km) wide?" Simmons also accused the United Nations of being "the most pathetic body on the face of the earth".[56]

In an April 2012 interview, Simmons endorsed Republican Mitt Romney for President: "America should be in business and it should be run by a businessman."[57]

In an August 2021 interview, regarding the honesty of Donald Trump and his presidential administration, Simmons said, "[W]e all lie to some extent, but what happened the last four years was beyond anything I ever thought imaginable from people who had lots of power — not just him, but the administration, everybody."[58]

On November 10, 2021, he stated that people who refused to get the COVID-19 vaccine are "an enemy" and called them "evil".[59]

Views on Israel

[edit]

In March 2011, Simmons visited his birth country, Israel. He described the trip as a "life changing experience". He talked about how he still feels that he is an Israeli: "I'm Israeli. I'm a stranger in America. I'm an outsider".[60] While there, Simmons met his half-brother Kobi, and triplet half-sisters Drora, Sharon and Ogenia.[61] He also visited his estranged father's grave.[62] Simmons announced he has plans to take Kiss to Israel, something that happened first in 2015 with a concert in Tel Aviv.[63] He has said that he is an ardent supporter of Israel.[64] At a press conference in Israel, he spoke in both Hebrew and English.[65] During his visit to Israel in 2011, he also stated that the artists refusing to perform in Israel for political reasons are "stupid".[66]

During the 2006 Lebanon War between Israel and Hezbollah in Lebanon, Simmons sent a televised message of support (in both English and Hebrew) to an Israeli soldier seriously wounded in fighting in Lebanon, calling him his "hero".[67]

On November 6, 2015, he attended a Friends of the Israel Defense Forces gala in Beverly Hills, which raised more than $31 million.[68]

Views on Islam

[edit]

In a 2004 interview in Melbourne, Australia, regarding Islamic extremists, Simmons described Islam as a "vile culture", saying that Muslim women had to walk behind their husbands and were not allowed to be educated or to own houses. He said: "They want to come and live right where you live and they think that you're evil." Muslim media personality Susan Carland argued that Simmons's stereotyping of Muslims was inaccurate.[69] Simmons later clarified his comments on his website, saying he had been talking specifically about Muslim extremists.[70]

Controversies

[edit]

NPR interview

[edit]

During an interview on the National Public Radio (NPR) program Fresh Air on February 2, 2002,[71] Simmons told Terry Gross: "If you want to welcome me with open arms, I'm afraid you're also going to have to welcome me with open legs", paraphrasing a lyric from the Who's 1981 song "You Better You Bet". Gross replied: "That's a really obnoxious thing to say". At the time, Simmons refused to grant permission to NPR to make the interview available online.[72] However, it appears in print in Gross' book All I Did Was Ask and unauthorized transcripts are available. NPR re-broadcast part of the interview in August 2007.[73] In a 2014 interview with The Huffington Post, Simmons noted he was upset over what he perceived as Gross's "holier-than-thou" attitude, which included mislabeling his band Kiss as "the Kiss".[74]

File-sharing controversy

[edit]

In 2007, Simmons openly spoke out against music piracy, and called for file-sharers to be sued.[75] A year later, he threatened further lawsuits, and to withhold new recordings, if file-sharing continued. In 2010, Anonymous staged a DDoS on his website, prompting Simmons to hit back with provocative comments once he was back online, at which point Anonymous staged a second DDoS, taking Simmons's site down again.[76]

In September 2014, Simmons said "The death of rock was not a natural death. Rock did not die of old age. It was murdered". Simmons blames file sharing and that no one values music "enough to pay you for it" for the decline of the rock music scene.[77]

Comments on suicide and depression

[edit]

In July 2014, Simmons made comments in an interview with Songfacts that encouraged those with depression to kill themselves.

I never understand, because I always call them on their bluff. I'm the guy who says 'Jump!' when there's a guy on top of a building who says, "That's it, I can't take it anymore, I'm going to jump." Are you kidding? Why are you announcing it? Shut the fuck up, have some dignity and jump! You've got the crowd.[78]

The comments drew criticism from Nikki Sixx of Mötley Crüe, who had suffered from depression in the past.[79] Following his comments, both Triple M and Winnipeg radio station Power 97 stated that they were pulling all Kiss songs from their lineup in protest.[80] Simmons later clarified his comments and apologized for the incident.[81]

Fox & Friends incident

[edit]

On November 16, 2017, Simmons made an appearance on Fox & Friends to promote a new book, but shortly afterward, he burst into a staff meeting uninvited, unbuttoning his shirt and telling jokes. The next day, on November 17, Fox News announced that Simmons was banned for life from their program, as well as from entering any of the company's properties. Simmons later issued a statement saying that he has "a tremendous amount of respect" for the company's workers and apologized for "unintentionally offending" any staff members during his visit.[82][83][84][85]

Sexual assault allegations

[edit]

In 2018, Simmons settled a sexual assault lawsuit with an unnamed radio personality, who accused him of touching her inappropriately. The woman claimed that Simmons touched her and "turned standard interview questions into sexual innuendos." Despite the settlement, Simmons denied the allegations.[86]

In 2019, Ace Frehley, who played together with Simmons for years in Kiss, stated that Simmons had groped his wife, calling Simmons an "asshole and a sex addict".[87][88]

Philanthropy

[edit]

Simmons is a known advocate for ChildFund International's work. He traveled to Zambia during his Gene Simmons Family Jewels show to visit several of his sponsored children, of whom he has more than 140.[89] Simmons said that the trip "[was] a stark reminder that life doesn't treat everyone the same".[90]

Simmons's family received the MEND Humanitarian Award for their philanthropic efforts and support for Mending Kids International at the organization's annual gala on November 9, 2013. The award was presented by Mel Gibson.[91] In his acceptance speech, Simmons spoke of his own difficult childhood in Israel in a bullet-riddled house. He recalled his mother's excitement when they received a CARE box one day.[92]

Simmons helped found "The Children Matter", which is a collaborative initiative with the charity MATTER that fights to give children around the world access to health care.[93]

He is an advocate for public safety during the coronavirus pandemic, encouraging people to wear face masks and follow social distance protocols.[94]

Awards and recognition

[edit]

On January 28, 2011, Simmons was in Dallas, Texas, to host the Aces & Angels Salute to the Troops charity event. Simmons was presented the key to the city, and a street (Gene Simmons Boulevard) was named for him. Simmons and Tweed also visited the U.S. Army base at Fort Hood to support the troops as a part of the Aces & Angels event.[citation needed]

On June 15 of the same year, he was given the key to the city in Winnipeg, Manitoba. In 2012, Simmons was awarded the Golden God award by the Revolver magazine.[95]

In 2013, the Smithsonian National Museum of American History accepted an autographed Gene Simmons Axe bass into their collection from John Upshaw Downs Jr. The Smithsonian wrote, in part: "The bass will now be cared for in our permanent collections... We are happy to include the Axe bass as it relates to the impact Mr. Simmons and his band Kiss have had on American culture, especially in the creation of a unique and iconic brand that has been embraced by fans worldwide ... The story of Mr. Simmons' American experience deserves to be preserved. An immigrant and son of a holocaust survivor, he used creative vision and entrepreneurial acumen to make a significant impact for our nation's popular culture, becoming an iconic figure in American music and entertainment."[96]

Simmons is an honorary board member of Little Kids Rock, a national nonprofit that works to restore and revitalize music education in disadvantaged U.S. public schools. A&E's Gene Simmons Family Jewels visited a Little Kids Rock classroom and featured the segment on the show. He also decorated a guitar for auction with his son Nick.[97]

On December 15, 2014, Simmons was awarded the Golden Medal by the Reial Cercle Artístic de Barcelona (Royal Artistic Circle of Barcelona).[98]

In 2020, Simmons won two Guinness World Records for "highest flame projection in a music concert" and "most flame projections launched simultaneously in a music concert. Both of the records were established at the KISS 2020 Goodbye concert.[99]

Discography

[edit]
Simmons performing in 2019

With Kiss

[edit]

Solo

[edit]
Studio albums
Other releases
  • Vault (box set, 2017)
  • Speaking in Tongues (DVD, 2004)

Guest appearances

[edit]
  • Wendy O. WilliamsWOW (1984) Producer, played all the bass on the album (credited as "Reginald Van Helsing"), co-wrote five songs "I Love Sex (And Rock and Roll)", "It's My Life", "Thief in the Night", "Legends Never Die" and "Ain't None of Your Business".
  • Bruce KulickBK3 (2010) Lead guest vocals on "Ain't Gonna Die"
  • Engelbert HumperdinckEngelbert Calling (2014) co-vocals on "Spinning Wheel"
  • Lita FordTime Capsule (2016) played bass on several songs, co-writing and backing vocals on "Rotten to the Core"
  • Ace Frehley - Spaceman (2018) co-writing on "Without You I'm Nothing" and "Your Wish Is My Command", bass guitar on "Without You I'm Nothing"

Filmography

[edit]

Film

[edit]
Year Film Role Bandmates Miscellaneous
1978 Kiss Meets the Phantom of the Park The Demon/Himself Peter Criss, Ace Frehley, Paul Stanley TV movie
1984 Runaway Dr. Charles Luther
1986 Never Too Young to Die Carruthers / Velvet Von Ragnar
1986 Trick or Treat Nuke (radio DJ)
1987 Wanted: Dead or Alive Malak Al Rahim
1988 The Decline of Western Civilization Part II: The Metal Years Himself Paul Stanley Documentary
1989 Red Surf Doc
1999 Detroit Rock City Himself Peter Criss, Ace Frehley, Paul Stanley Simmons also produced
2001 Wish You Were Dead Vinny
2002 The New Guy Reverend
2008 Detroit Metal City Jack lll Dark Japanese movie
2009 Extract[100] Joe Adler
2010 Expecting Mary Taylor
2010 Rush: Beyond the Lighted Stage Himself Documentary
2013 Sample This: The Incredible Story of the Incredible Bongo Band Himself Documentary
2015 Scooby-Doo! and Kiss: Rock and Roll Mystery Himself Paul Stanley, Eric Singer, Tommy Thayer Voice only
2016 We Are X Himself Documentary
2016 Why Him? Himself Paul Stanley Cameo
2017 Armed Response Male Suspect
2022 In Search of Tomorrow Himself Documentary
TBA Untitled Scooby-Doo! and Kiss: Rock and Roll Mystery Sequel[101] Himself Paul Stanley, Eric Singer, Tommy Thayer[101] Voice only

Television appearances

[edit]
Year Show Episode Role Bandmates Miscellaneous
1974 Dick Clark's - In Concert March 29, 1974 Himself Peter Criss, Ace Frehley, Paul Stanley Performed "Nothin' To Lose, Firehouse, Black Diamond
1974 The Mike Douglas Show June 11, 1974 Himself Peter Criss, Ace Frehley, Paul Stanley Kiss Performed "Firehouse".
1975 The Midnight Special April 1, 1975 Himself Peter Criss, Ace Frehley, Paul Stanley Performed "Deuce, She, Black Diamond, (C'mon & Love Me - not televised)
1976 The Paul Lynde Halloween Special October 29, 1976 Himself Peter Criss, Ace Frehley, Paul Stanley Performed "Detroit Rock City", "King of the Night Time World", and "Beth"
1979 Tomorrow Himself Peter Criss, Ace Frehley, Paul Stanley
1985 Miami Vice "The Prodigal Son" Newton Blade
1986 The Hitchhiker "O.D.Feelin'" January 28, 1986 Mr. Big
1997 Action League Now! "Rock-A-Big-Baby" Toy version of himself Peter Criss, Ace Frehley, Paul Stanley Performed "Rock and Roll All Nite"
1998 MADtv[102] October 31, 1998 (#406) Himself Peter Criss, Ace Frehley, Paul Stanley. Halloween special; performed in five sketches
1998 Millennium "...Thirteen Years Later" October 30, 1998 Hector Leachman Paul Stanley, Peter Criss, Ace Frehley
2001 Family Guy "A Very Special Family Guy Freakin' Christmas" Animated version of himself Peter Criss, Ace Frehley, Paul Stanley
2001 Who Wants To Be a Millionaire? May 27, 2001 Himself Won $32,000 for a charity
2001 The Daily Show with Jon Stewart[103] June 12, 2001 Himself
2002 Family Guy "Road to Europe" Animated version of himself Peter Criss, Ace Frehley, Paul Stanley Lois Griffin claims she dated Gene Simmons while they were in high school, and calls him by his birth name, Chaim Witz.
2002 The Tonight Show with Jay Leno September 6, 2002 Himself
2003 King of the Hill "Reborn to Be Wild" Jessie
2004 Third Watch "Higher Calling" Donald Mann
2004 Third Watch "Monsters" Donald Mann
2004 Third Watch "More Monsters" Donald Mann
2005 American Idol "Auditions: New Orleans" Himself- guest judge
2005 Family Guy "Don't Make Me Over" Animated version of himself/ Prisoner No. 3
2005 Mind of Mencia Episode #1.7 Himself
2005 Rock School Himself
2006 The View August 1, 2006 Himself Promotional appearance for Gene Simmons Family Jewels
2007 SpongeBob SquarePants "20,000 Patties Under the Sea" Sea Monster
2007 Shrink Rap "Gene Simmons" Himself UK's More4 show
2008 Entertainment Tonight January 2, 2008 Himself
2008 Jimmy Kimmel Live! January 18, 2008 Himself
2008 Rachael Ray March 11, 2008 Himself
2008 Criss Angel Mindfreak "Mindfreaking with the Stars" Himself
2008 Ugly Betty "The Kids Are Alright" Himself
2008 Ugly Betty "A Thousand Words by Friday" Himself
2008 Are You Smarter Than a 5th Grader? Episode #3.9 Himself Won $500,000 for the Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation charity
2008 The Celebrity Apprentice First three episodes Himself Won $20,000 for the Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation charity; Fired in the third episode
2008 Jingles[104] Celebrity judge Mark Burnett reality show
2009 Glenn Martin DDS Glenn Gary, Glenn Martin himself
2009 American Idol Season Finale Himself Eric Singer, Tommy Thayer, Paul Stanley Performed medley of 3 songs with contestant Adam Lambert
2009 The Fairly OddParents "Wishology – Part 1: The Big Beginning" Animated version of himself Eric Singer, Tommy Thayer, Paul Stanley
2009 The Fairly OddParents "Wishology – Part 3: The Final Ending" Animated version of himself Eric Singer, Tommy Thayer, Paul Stanley
2010 I Get That a Lot Episode 2 As Himself Simmons appeared as a psychic working at the Mystic Journey Bookstore in Venice, California
2010 Extreme Makeover: Home Edition Episode 160 As Himself Kiss made a personal appearance during the Wagstaff family's vacation in Disneyland and honored them as special guests at one of their concerts. Kiss also made a personal appearance at a local school where a donation of new musical instruments was made in the Wagstaff family's name.
2010 I'm in a Rock 'n' Roll Band! Episode 1 And 5 As Himself Discussing the requirements of being in a rock band.
2011 Castle To Love and Die in LA As Himself
2014 CSI: Crime Scene Investigation Long Road Home As Himself
2014 American Idol Season 13 Finale Himself Eric Singer, Tommy Thayer, Paul Stanley Performed with Caleb Johnson
2014 Welcome to Sweden S1 Ep4: Get a Job/Farthinder Himself
2015 Scorpion S2 Ep1: Himself September 30, 2015, Himself, Interview
2016 Angie Tribeca (2016 TBS TV Series) S1 Ep9: Himself
2018 Jeopardy! October 31 episode Himself Reading clues about Halloween in costume and makeup. As a publicity stunt, Alex Trebek was briefly made up and costumed as Simmons. Short video of that appeared as a commercial bump; longer video posted to show web site.
2019 Kouhaku Uta Gassen December 31, 2019 Himself Eric Singer, Tommy Thayer, Paul Stanley Performed "Rock And Roll All Nite –YOSHIKISS version" with Yoshiki[105]
2020 Ridiculousness January 9 Himself
2022 Hell's Kitchen "Just Wingin' It" Himself
2023 2023 AFL Grand Final Himself Eric Singer, Tommy Thayer, Paul Stanley Performed "I Was Made for Lovin' You", "Shout It Out Loud" and "Rock and Roll All Nite" during the pre-match entertainment
2024 Dancing with the Stars October 8, 2024 Himself - guest judge

Music video appearances

[edit]

In 1994, Simmons appears as auditioning for the band with actor Al Lewis & comedian Gilbert Gottfried in a music video for "I'll Talk My Way Out Of It" by Howard Stern comedian Stuttering John. In 2007, he appeared alongside other celebrities, as well as regular people, in the music video for "Rockstar" by Nickelback.[citation needed]

Video game appearances

[edit]

Gene Simmons is a playable character in Tony Hawk's Underground,[106] unlocked when completing the story mode on Normal difficulty, and also appears with his Kiss bandmates in the Hotter Than Hell level to play one of three songs upon collecting the four K-I-S-S letters.[107]

Gene Simmons's Kiss character, the Demon, is a playable character in Kiss: Psycho Circus: The Nightmare Child. Simmons also has a large role in the 2010 music video game Guitar Hero: Warriors of Rock. In addition to narrating the main storyline, voicing the character Demigod of Rock in cutscenes, and doing advertising for the game, the Kiss song "Love Gun" is playable.[citation needed]

A Dark-Normal Type Pokémon introduced in Pokémon Sword and Shield known as Obstagoon the Blocking Pokémon resembles Gene Simmons's KISS character: The Demon.[108]

Published works

[edit]
  • Me, Inc.: Build an Army of One, Unleash Your Inner Rock God, Win in Life and Business, Gene Simmons (ISBN 0-062-32261-3)
  • Kiss and Make-Up, Gene Simmons (ISBN 0-609-81002-2)
  • Sex Money Kiss, Gene Simmons (ISBN 1-893224-86-4)
  • Kiss: The Early Years, Gene Simmons and Paul Stanley (ISBN 0-609-81028-6)
  • Kiss: Behind the Mask, David Leaf and Ken Sharp (ISBN 978-0-446-69524-4)
  • Ladies of the Night: A Historical and Personal Perspective on the Oldest Profession in the World, Gene Simmons (ISBN 1-59777-501-0)
  • 27: The Legend & Mythology of the 27 Club (ISBN 978-1-57687-886-6)

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Gene Simmons' mother, Flora Klein, passes away at 92". December 6, 2018. Retrieved September 29, 2024.
  2. ^ "Gene Simmons' Mom, the Holocaust, and Me". The Huffington Post. April 17, 2015. Retrieved June 14, 2015.
  3. ^ a b Oster, Marcy (May 5, 2020). "Kiss frontman Simmons learns about Holocaust survivor mother's ordeal". Times of Israel. Retrieved September 29, 2024.
  4. ^ Associated, The (March 22, 2011). "Lead singer of Kiss Gene Simmons slams Israel boycotters". Haaretz. Israel. Retrieved August 10, 2011.
  5. ^ Smale, Will (April 19, 2015). "The rock star who can never be too rich". BBC News. Retrieved March 21, 2022.
  6. ^ https://www.qchron.com/qboro/i_have_often_walked/gene-simmons-rocked-jackson-heights-before-kiss/article_c496f2bf-19ce-5174-943e-5e030a58861b.html#:~:text=Chaim%20changed%20his%20name%20to,he%20sang%20in%20the%20choir.
  7. ^ "1949: A Hard Rocker Demon and Good Jewish Boy is Born". Haaretz. August 25, 2015.
  8. ^ "College of Staten Island CUNY". Times Higher Education (THE). Archived from the original on June 28, 2018. Retrieved September 19, 2018.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  9. ^ https://x.com/genesimmons/status/1157007533225046017
  10. ^ Island, Secret Staten (February 6, 2012). "Gene Simmons a School Teacher?". Secret Staten Island. Retrieved September 29, 2024.
  11. ^ Lewis, Barbara (June 4, 1978). "Gene Simmons Was Sixth Grade Teacher". The Lakeland Ledger.
  12. ^ Crandall, Bill. "10 musicians who saw the Beatles standing there", CBS News, February 6, 2014.
  13. ^ "Gene Simmons". Jewish Virtual Library. Retrieved February 17, 2019.
  14. ^ Martin, Dale (October 4, 1998). "KISS army continues to grow". The Victoria Advocate. p. 10D. Retrieved March 21, 2022.
  15. ^ "The Missing Links". kissbandstree.com. Retrieved September 29, 2024.
  16. ^ Johnson, Richard (December 1, 2014). "Old pal says Gene Simmons would 'KISS' and tell | Page Six". Retrieved September 29, 2024.
  17. ^ "The Love Bag". kissbandstree.com. Retrieved September 29, 2024.
  18. ^ "The Bullfrog Bheer #1". kissbandstree.com. Retrieved September 29, 2024.
  19. ^ "Coffee". kissbandstree.com. Retrieved September 29, 2024.
  20. ^ "Rainbow #1". kissbandstree.com. Retrieved September 29, 2024.
  21. ^ KISS bassist Gene Simmons said on an episode of his television show Gene Simmons Family Jewels that he is a big comic book fan, with the bat-like "wings" in his "Demon" persona costume being modelled after those worn by Black Bolt Gene Simmons Family Jewels – Under the Knife? – Wednesday, Nov 3, 2010 – mReplay Livedash TV Transcript – Livedash – Search what is being mentioned across national TV Archived October 9, 2011, at the Wayback Machine. Livedash. Retrieved February 1, 2011.
  22. ^ a b Gene Simmons Family Jewels – A&E TV. Aetv.com. Retrieved February 1, 2011.
  23. ^ Serwer, Jesse (October 7, 2014). "Miami Sound Machine: 16 Best Musical Guest Stars on 'Miami Vice'". Rolling Stone. New York City, United States. Retrieved April 27, 2019.
  24. ^ "Gene Simmons poses as psychic for US prank show". January 7, 2010. Archived from the original on October 5, 2010. Retrieved January 14, 2010.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  25. ^ "Wanted: Dead or Alive (1987)". IMDb. January 16, 1987. Retrieved July 1, 2017.
  26. ^ "WWE and Gene Simmons Launch Genre Label; First Film Project Announced – Temple". Dread Central. March 27, 2015. Retrieved March 27, 2015.
  27. ^ "If Gene Simmons and WWE's 'Temple' Is Good, I'll Eat This Article!". Bloody Disgusting. March 27, 2015. Retrieved March 27, 2015.
  28. ^ 編集部. "「YOSHIKI SUPERSTAR PROJECT X」次のステージへ進む通過メンバー8人を公開". MusicVoice (in Japanese). Retrieved January 12, 2023.
  29. ^ Houghton, Cillea (September 5, 2023). "Yoshiki to Leave Handprints at Chinese Theatre". American Songwriter. Retrieved September 16, 2023.
  30. ^ "Simmons Records". Discogs. Retrieved October 27, 2019.
  31. ^ Holden, Stephen (August 23, 1989). "The Pop Life". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved October 1, 2020.
  32. ^ Tongue is cheeky/Kiss' Gene Simmons combines sex, showmanship in his men's magazine. Sfgate.com (August 28, 2002); retrieved February 1, 2011.
  33. ^ "IRL Forms Innovative Marketing Agreement With Gene Simmons & Richard Abramson". GeneSimmons.com. January 10, 2006. Archived from the original on January 10, 2013. Retrieved August 23, 2010.
  34. ^ "DUFF MCKAGAN, MATT SORUM, GENE SIMMONS At 'Rock 'N' Roll Allstars' Press Conference (Video)". BLABBERMOUTH.NET. March 3, 2012.
  35. ^ "HOME | Gene Simmons Vault". genesimmonsvault.com. Retrieved May 26, 2018.
  36. ^ Siebert, Amanda (March 16, 2018). "Vancouver cannabis company hires straight-edge Gene Simmons as celebrity spokesperson". The Georgia Straight. Archived from the original on July 8, 2018. Retrieved May 24, 2018.
  37. ^ "GENE SIMMONS Was 'Astonished To Find Out The Medicinal Value' Of Cannabis". Blabbermouth.net. May 17, 2018. Retrieved May 24, 2018.
  38. ^ Owen, Matt; Daly, Andrew (October 17, 2024). ""Name a jazz player that means something. You can be respected by musicians, but the rest of the world doesn't care. That music is intended to show off how well you play": Gene Simmons on why technical skill doesn't really matter". Guitar World. Retrieved November 11, 2024.
  39. ^ Barrios, Joel (November 9, 2024). "GENE SIMMONS On Why He Values Memorable Riffs Over Virtuosity: "The Hardest Thing To Do Is Write A Good Simple Song Or Riff"". Metal Injection. Retrieved November 12, 2024.
  40. ^ Corday, Karen; Smith, Kimberly (November 12, 2020). "Why People Once Thought Gene Simmons Had A Cow's Tongue". Grunge. Retrieved December 8, 2022.
  41. ^ Said, Amir (March 13, 2023). "Gene Simmons returns to Prairies with Kiss farewell tour". INK Online. University of Regina School of Journalism.
  42. ^ "Gene Simmons is married". People. October 1, 2011. Retrieved October 2, 2011.
  43. ^ "Gene Simmons and long term girlfriend marry". MSN – Wonderwall. October 1, 2011. Archived from the original on January 29, 2013. Retrieved October 2, 2011.
  44. ^ a b Biography Archived September 6, 2012, at archive.today. GeneSimmons.com. Retrieved February 1, 2011.
  45. ^ "Gene Simmons fell for Diana Ross while dating Cher". The Washington Post. June 1, 2015.
  46. ^ "Gene Simmons- Hard Proof He Banged 5,000 chicks". TMZ. December 20, 2010. Retrieved July 10, 2019.
  47. ^ "Gene Simmons says he's "always been an outcast" in rock 'n' roll circles because he doesn't drink or do drugs". Guitar.com | All Things Guitar. Retrieved November 12, 2024.
  48. ^ Fell, James (September 3, 2016). "The unbelievably sweet reason why Gene Simmons of KISS has never done drugs or gotten drunk". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved November 12, 2024.
  49. ^ "Gene Simmons Says the Only Time He's Gotten High Was by Mistakenly Eating 6 Weed Brownies: 'Wasn't Prepared'". People.com. Retrieved November 12, 2024.
  50. ^ "Gene Simmons: 60s Fanzine Publisher" Archived August 27, 2013, at archive.today, October 2008
  51. ^ Simmons, Gene. "Letter" Janus 8 (Vol 3, No. 2); Janice Bogstad & Jeanne Gomoll, eds., 1977; p. 15
  52. ^ News Archived December 8, 2012, at archive.today. GeneSimmons.com. Retrieved February 1, 2011.
  53. ^ a b News Archived December 8, 2012, at archive.today. GeneSimmons.com. Retrieved February 1, 2011.
  54. ^ Gavin, Patrick (December 6, 2010). "Gene Simmons Knocks President Obama". The Politico. Retrieved December 6, 2010.
  55. ^ Remarks by the President on the Middle East and North Africa, Barack Obama, The White House, May 19, 2011
  56. ^ Ben Gedalyahu, Tzvi (May 22, 2011). "Video of Rock Star Gene Simmons: Obama Doesn't Have a Clue". Israel National News. Retrieved June 1, 2011.
  57. ^ "Kiss Frontman Gene Simmons Voices Support For Mitt Romney, Regrets Voting For Obama In '08". Mediaite. April 3, 2012. Retrieved April 25, 2012.
  58. ^ "GENE SIMMONS on DONALD TRUMP Presidency: It Was 'Beyond Anything I Ever Thought Imaginable'". Blabbermouth.net. August 12, 2021.
  59. ^ Stunson, Mike (November 21, 2021). "'You are an enemy.' Gene Simmons of KISS slams 'evil people' who refuse COVID vaccine". Miami Herald. Retrieved November 21, 2021.
  60. ^ Federman, Josef. "AP Interview: Simmons blasts Israel boycotters". Yahoo! News. Archived from the original on March 26, 2011.
  61. ^ Late Night Rocker (March 31, 2011). "Kiss Mask Webzine: Meet Gene Simmons' Brother and Sisters". Kissmaskwebzine.blogspot.com. Retrieved August 10, 2011.
  62. ^ "Gene Simmons cries, shares regret at father's grave". TODAY.com. June 29, 2011. Retrieved September 29, 2024.
  63. ^ "KISS in Tel Aviv, Israel. Summer 2015".
  64. ^ Brinn, David (March 23, 2011). "Kiss rocker Gene Simmons back in Israel after 51 years". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved August 10, 2011.
  65. ^ Gene Simmons in Israel / ג'ין סימונס בישראל on YouTube
  66. ^ "ג'ין סימונס: "היוצרים מחרימי ישראל – טיפשים"". YNet. March 23, 2011. Retrieved March 23, 2011.
  67. ^ "Gene Simmons hails Israeli soldier". The Washington Post. Associated Press. August 26, 2006. Retrieved May 12, 2010.
  68. ^ "IN PICTURES: Star-studded LA fundraiser rakes in $31 million for IDF". Jerusalem Post. November 7, 2015. Retrieved July 1, 2017.
  69. ^ "Outrage as KISS player mouths off on Muslims". The Sydney Morning Herald, May 14, 2004
  70. ^ "Gene Simmons clarifies Muslim remarks". Today.com. May 28, 2004. Retrieved July 21, 2021.
  71. ^ "Remembering Gene Simmons' Contentious Interview with Terry Gross, 20 Years Later". InsideHook. January 21, 2022. Retrieved June 27, 2022.
  72. ^ "Terry Gross interview with Gene Simmons". Internet Archive. Retrieved August 13, 2009.
  73. ^ "The Unpredictable Gene Simmons". NPR. August 31, 2007. Retrieved February 1, 2011.
  74. ^ Branch, Chris (August 12, 2014). "Gene Simmons Calls NPR's Terry Gross 'Arrogant And Insulting'". Huffington Post. Retrieved August 16, 2014.
  75. ^ Bruno, Antony (November 12, 2007). "Billboard Q&A: Gene Simmons". Billboard. Archived from the original on July 22, 2012. Retrieved June 14, 2015.
  76. ^ Anderson, Nate (October 18, 2010). "Gene Simmons vs. Anonymous: Who's the bigger tool?". Ars Technica. Retrieved June 14, 2015.
  77. ^ Kreps, Daniel (September 7, 2014). "Gene Simmons: 'Rock Is Finally Dead. It Was Murdered'". Yahoo Music. Archived from the original on September 8, 2014. Retrieved June 14, 2015.
  78. ^ Catlin, Roger (July 31, 2014). "Gene Simmons of Kiss". Songfacts. Archived from the original on June 16, 2022. Retrieved September 10, 2022.
  79. ^ Kreps, Daniel (August 14, 2014). "Gene Simmons' Depression and Suicide Comments Anger Nikki Sixx". Rolling Stone. Retrieved June 14, 2015.
  80. ^ O'Neal, Sean (August 15, 2014). "Gene Simmons continues asshole tour by telling depressed people to kill themselves". The AV Club. Retrieved August 15, 2014.
  81. ^ "Gene Simmons sorry for 'spur of the moment' remarks about mental illness". The Guardian. August 18, 2014. Retrieved May 30, 2018.
  82. ^ "Gene Simmons banned from Fox News for life". The Week. November 17, 2017. Retrieved November 17, 2017.
  83. ^ "Two Women Accuse KISS' Gene Simmons of Sexual Harassment". Metal Injection. November 20, 2017. Retrieved November 21, 2017.
  84. ^ "GENE SIMMONS Apologizes For 'Unintentionally' Offending Members Of FOX Team". blabbermouth.net. November 20, 2017. Retrieved November 20, 2017.
  85. ^ Tacopino, Joe (November 16, 2017). "Gene Simmons banned from Fox News after lewd behavior". The New York Times. Retrieved January 16, 2023.
  86. ^ "Kiss' Gene Simmons settles sexual assault lawsuit". Nme.com. July 10, 2018. Retrieved April 26, 2022.
  87. ^ "Ace Frehley Blasts Gene Simmons: 'The Gloves Are Off'". Rolling Stone. January 29, 2019. Retrieved August 26, 2020.
  88. ^ Brundle, Lars (January 30, 2019). "Ace Frehley Claims Kiss' Gene Simmons 'Groped' His Wife, Warns 'The S*** Will Hit The Fan'". Billboard. Retrieved August 26, 2020.
  89. ^ "KISS Icon Gene Simmons Brightens Lives of Sponsored Children". childfund.org. Retrieved June 14, 2015.
  90. ^ "ChildFund Partners with Gene Simmons Family Jewels". childfund.org. Retrieved June 14, 2015.
  91. ^ "Mel Gibson Presents Gene Simmons With Charity Award". Look to the Stars. November 12, 2013. Retrieved June 14, 2015.
  92. ^ Mending Kids International (November 11, 2013). "Mending Kids International Honors Gene Simmons, Shannon Tweed-Simmons, Nick Simmons And Sophie..." PR Newswire (Press release). LOS ANGELES. Retrieved June 14, 2015.
  93. ^ Minnesota CBS local (June 22, 2017). "KISS Legend Gene Simmons' Twin Cities Charitable Connection". minnesota.cbslocal.com. Retrieved June 27, 2017.
  94. ^ "Kiss' Gene Simmons appeals for everyone to wear a face mask". NME. December 29, 2020. Retrieved January 3, 2021.
  95. ^ 'Revolver' Golden Gods Awards Winners Announced! Archived February 2, 2014, at the Wayback Machine. revolvermag.com. April-16-2012; retrieved April 21, 2012.
  96. ^ Online, KISS. "KISS Online :: Welcome To The Official KISS Website". KISS Online. Retrieved July 1, 2017.
  97. ^ "Gene Simmons | Little Kids Rock". Archived from the original on January 14, 2014. Retrieved January 13, 2014.
  98. ^ "El bajista de Kiss recibirá el lunes la medalla de oro del Reial Cercle Artístic". LA VANGUARDIA. December 11, 2014. Retrieved June 14, 2015.
  99. ^ DiVita, Joe (January 2, 2021). "KISS Show Sets Two World Records, Gene Simmons Still Says 'Rock Is Dead'". Loudwire. Retrieved February 14, 2024.
  100. ^ "Gene Simmons To Appear In 'Extract' Film". Blabbermouth.net. May 3, 2009. Archived from the original on June 6, 2011. Retrieved August 14, 2009.
  101. ^ a b "KISS". facebook.com. Archived from the original on February 26, 2022. Retrieved October 2, 2018.
  102. ^ "Planet MADtv – Episode No. 406 (Aired October 31, 1998)". Archived from the original on November 18, 2018. Retrieved June 5, 2009.
  103. ^ "The Daily Show-Gene Simmons". Retrieved February 20, 2011.
  104. ^ "Gene Simmons to judge Burnett's 'Jingles'". Retrieved March 14, 2009.
  105. ^ Blabbermouth (January 2, 2020). "Watch KISS And YOSHIKI Collaborate For New Year's Eve Television Performance". BLABBERMOUTH.NET. Retrieved February 6, 2021.
  106. ^ Childers, Chad ChildersChad (December 21, 2012). "Gene Simmons in Tony Hawk's Underground". Ultimate Classic Rock. Retrieved November 14, 2024.
  107. ^ "Secrets - Tony Hawk's Underground Guide". IGN. March 27, 2012. Retrieved November 14, 2024.
  108. ^ Simmons, Gene [@genesimmons] (August 7, 2019). "welphttps://twitter.com/trenton_flores/status/1159100287493128192 …" (Tweet). Retrieved November 5, 2019 – via Twitter.
[edit]